Egypt’s Timeless Wonders: Valley of the Kings, Valley of the Queens & Ramesseum
Valley of the Kings – The Eternal Resting Place of Pharaohs
The legendary Valley of the Kings lies on the west bank of the Nile near Luxor, in ancient Thebes, and is one of Egypt’s most famous archaeological sites. More than 60 tombs have been discovered here, most belonging to pharaohs from the New Kingdom period (c. 1550–1069 BC), particularly from the 18th to 20th dynasties.
History and Significance
The Valley was deliberately hidden among steep cliffs to deter tomb robbers. Many of Egypt’s greatest rulers were buried here, including:
- Tutankhamun (Tomb KV62, discovered by Howard Carter in 1922)
- Ramesses II (KV7)
- Seti I (KV17, the longest and most elaborately decorated tomb in the valley)
- Thutmose III (KV34)
The tombs are adorned with stunning wall paintings and intricate hieroglyphs that were believed to guide the deceased through the afterlife.
Highlights & Visitor Tips
- Tomb of Tutankhamun: The most famous tomb, known for the iconic gold mask (now in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo). Though relatively small, it holds immense historical significance.
- Tomb of Seti I: Highly elaborate, with beautifully preserved artwork.
- Tomb of Ramesses VI (KV9): Known for its detailed depiction of the „Book of the Heavens.“
Tip: Visit early in the morning to avoid crowds and heat. Some tombs require additional tickets.
Valley of the Queens – The Hidden Gem of Royal Ladies
South of the Valley of the Kings lies the lesser-known but equally fascinating Valley of the Queens, where many royal wives, princesses, and high-ranking officials were laid to rest.
The Highlight: Tomb of Nefertari (QV66)
The absolute masterpiece of this site is the tomb of Queen Nefertari, the beloved wife of Ramesses II. It is often described as one of the most beautiful tombs in all of Egypt:
- Vivid, brightly colored wall paintings
- Scenes from the „Book of the Dead“
- Exceptionally well-preserved hieroglyphs
- Meticulously restored to prevent further deterioration
Note: Entry to Nefertari’s tomb is strictly limited, and tickets are pricey—but absolutely worth it!
Other Notable Tombs
- Tomb of Queen Titi (QV52)
- Tomb of Khaemwaset (QV44), son of Ramesses III
The Valley of the Queens offers a more peaceful, spiritual atmosphere, away from the crowds—perfect for those seeking hidden treasures.
The Ramesseum – Mortuary Temple of the Great Ramesses II
The monumental Ramesseum is the mortuary temple of Ramesses II, located on Luxor’s west bank near the Valley of the Kings. Dedicated to the god Amun and Ramesses himself, it stands as a testament to the grandeur of this legendary ruler.
Highlights at the Ramesseum
- Colossal Statue of Ramesses II: Once standing at around 17 meters tall, this massive statue now lies in ruins but remains an impressive sight.
- Reliefs of the Battle of Kadesh: Famous depictions of Ramesses’ claimed victory against the Hittites.
- Hypostyle Hall: Featuring partially preserved columns and intricate reliefs.
- Remains of ancient storerooms and houses for temple workers.
Meaning & Ambiance
The Ramesseum is a prime example of Theban temple architecture and is far less crowded than other attractions. It even inspired the famous poem “Ozymandias” by English poet Percy Bysshe Shelley.
Fun Fact: “Ozymandias” is the Greek version of Ramesses’ throne name, “User-Maat-Re Setep-en-Re.”
Practical Travel Tips for Visitors
- Best Time to Visit: October to April (mild temperatures)
- Getting There: Easily reachable from Luxor by taxi, minibus, or organized tours.
- Tickets: Separate entrance fees apply for the Valley of the Kings, Valley of the Queens, and the Ramesseum.
- Photography: Restricted or subject to extra fees inside many tombs (check before visiting).